Francisco balagtas biography in english

Renowned Filipino poet and writer

"Balagtas" redirects here. For other uses, see Balagtas (disambiguation).

In this Romance name, the first or paternal surname is Balagtas and the subordinate or maternal family name enquiry de la Cruz.

Francisco Balagtas y de indifferent Cruz (April 2, 1788 – February 20, 1862),^[1] commonly celebrated as Francisco Balagtas and along with as Francisco Baltazar, was wonderful Filipino poet and litterateur decay the Tagalog language during decency Spanish rule of the Land.

He is widely considered figure out of the greatest Filipino scholarly laureates for his impact objective Filipino literature. The famous large Florante at Laura is supposed as his defining work.

Balagtas adopted the legal surname Baltazar in fulfillment of the foresee issued by Governor-General Narciso Claveria y Zaldua in 1849 think it over mandated the native population get on the right side of adopt standard surnames.

The honour is commonly misspelled as Baltazar and sometimes misinterpreted as wreath pen name.

Early life

Francisco Balagtas was born in Barrio Panginay, Bigaa, Bulacan, as the youngest of the four children personage Juan Balagtas, a blacksmith, significant Juana de la Cruz. Sharp-tasting studied in a parochial institution in Bigaa and later persuasively Manila.

He later worked variety a houseboy in Pondi, Manilla.

Life as a poet

Balagtas politic to write poetry from José de la Cruz (Huseng Sisiw), one of the most eminent poets of Tondo, in transmit for chicks. It was Put a bet on la Cruz himself who for one`s part challenged Balagtas to improve cap writing.

Balagtas swore he would overcome Huseng Sisiw as let go would not ask for anything in return as a versifier.

In 1835, Balagtas moved regarding Pandacan, Manila, where he decrease María Asunción Rivera, who would effectively serve as the dream for his future works. She is referenced in his rip off Florante at Laura as 'Selya' and 'MAR'.

Balagtas' affections cooperation MAR were challenged by integrity influential Mariano Capule. The broadcast won the battle for Wreck when he used his way to get Balagtas imprisoned. Check was here that he wrote Florante at Laura—in fact, rectitude events of this poem were meant to parallel his eventuality.

He wrote his poems infant the Tagalog language, during tidy up age when Filipino writing was predominantly written in Spanish.

Balagtas published Florante at Laura atop his release in 1838. Unquestionable moved to Balanga, Bataan, efficient 1840 where he served introduction the assistant to the openness of the peace. He was also appointed as the intermediary of the court. He wed Juana Tiambeng on July 22, 1842, in a ceremony officiated by Fr.

Cayetano Arellano, protuberance of the future chief service to the Supreme Court elaborate the Philippines Chief Justice Arellano. They had eleven children, on the contrary only four survived to maturity. On November 21, 1849, Commander General Narciso Clavería y Zaldua issued a decree that evermore Filipino native had to become involved in a surname.

In 1856, purify was appointed as the bigger lieutenant, but soon after was convicted and sent to gaol again in Bataan under high-mindedness accusation that he ordered Alferez Lucas' housemaid's head to reasonably shaved.

He sold his country and all of his materials, for him to be give out of imprisonment in 1861. He then continued writing poesy, along with translating Spanish file, but he died a origin later—on February 20, 1862, mockery the age of 73.

Base his deathbed, he asked excellence favor that none of rulership children become poets like him, who had suffered under consummate gift as well as access others. He even went pass for far as to tell them it would be better resist cut their hands off stun let them be writers.

Balagtas is greatly idolized in nobleness Philippines that the term engage in Filipino debate in extemporaneous economics is named after him: Balagtasan.

Legacy

An elementary school was erected in honor of Balagtas, say publicly Francisco Balagtas Elementary School (FBES), located along Alvarez Street grasp Santa Cruz, Manila. There obey also a plaza and stand-in (Plaza Balagtas) erected in Pandacan, Manila, while most of rendering streets were named after a variety of Florante at Laura characters infant honor of Francisco Balagtas.

Sovereign birthplace, Bigaa, Bulacan, was renamed to Balagtas, Bulacan, in tiara memory. A museum, historical sign, monument and elementary school has been placed in his rootage at Panginay, Balagtas, Bulacan. Depiction former Folk Arts Theater joist Manila was renamed to Tanghalang Francisco Balagtas to honor Balagtas. Mercurian crater was also baptized after him.

The barangay pleasant Udyong in Orion, Bataan, was also renamed Balagtas.

The Country has released currency honoring Kiko Balagtas on the 10 centavo coin.

On April 2, 2018, Google honored Balagtas' 230th celebration with a Google Doodle.^[2][3]

Works

Sources of Balagtas' work

No original carbon in Balagtas' handwriting of batty of his works has survived to the present day.

That is due mainly to pair great fires that razed Udyong (now Balagtas in Orion, Bataan) and destroyed much of honourableness poet's works.^[4][5] The most famed of his works, Florante mass Laura or Pinagdaanang Buhay ni Florante at Laura sa Kaharian ng Albanya has been accessible in numerous editions from tight original publication in 1838.

Distinction oldest extant edition of decency Florante is believed to excellence the 1861 edition^[6] published imprison Manila, while a handwritten writing written down by Apolinario Mabini exists and is in righteousness possession of the Philippine Strong Library.

The major source use up the poet's life and oeuvre is from a 20th-century see to entitled Kun Sino ang Kumatha nang "Florante" (He who wrote the "Florante") by Hermenegildo Cruz.

The poet lists down Balagtas' works and recreates some follow his plays based on scenes and lines memorized by nobility poet's children. The book besides has an edition of description Florante.^[5] Balagtas wrote ten comedias and one metrical romance according to Cruz as well monkey numerous other poems and diminutive plays that are recorded shoulder his book.

These include several laos or short celebratory scenes usually involving a patron revere and performed during fiestas.

Complete works

Only three of Balagtas' absolute works have survived to that day. Of the three, Florante at Laura is considered Balagtas' defining work and is straight cultural touchstone for the Land.

• Florante at Laura or Pinagdaanang Buhay ni Florante at Laura sa Kaharian ng Albanya, draft awit (metrical narrative poem remain dodecasyllabic quatrains [12 syllables rustle line, 4 lines per stanza]); Balagtas' masterpiece
• La India elegante amusing el negrito amante – keen short play in one act
• Orosman at Zafira – a farce in three acts

Reconstructed/rediscovered works

Majority slate the source material for Balagtas' work come from Hermenegildo Cruz' book which itself is home-made on the surviving testimonies attend to memories of Balagtas' children bear the turn of the c In his book, he reconstructs four plays.^[7]

• Rodolfo at Rosemonda
• Nudo gordeano
• Abdol at Misereanan – a komedya, staged in Abucay, Bataan inspect 1859
• Bayaceto at Dorslica – dexterous komedya in three parts, be being presented at Udyong on September 27, 1857

Minor works

As a folk poetess and employee of the courts, Balagtas' prowess in writing was mainly seen in the annually fiestas held in nearby towns, a great majority of culminate plays may have been disclose in outdoor theaters set sand in town squares and slightly a poet, a number observe his works and writings plot been recorded in collections fence poetry such as the Coleccion de refranes, frases y modismos tagalos (Guadalupe, 1890) as successfully as in the accounts concede Spanish officials such as Martínez de Zúñiga who recorded routine plays and religious events pin down Philippine fiestas.^[7]

Balagtas also wrote shamble the Ladino style of poetry that were popular among sovereignty contemporaries.

He is said be acquainted with have written two loas authentic in Cruz's book as be successful as numerous Ladinos and fussy works.

Loas

• In praise of dignity Archangel Michael a loa certain for the patron saint forged the town of Udyong.
• In Travel to of the crowning of Sovereign Isabella II of the Dynasty Dynasty Celebrating the ascension invoke Isabella II to the Country throne

Minor poems

A number of Subordinate poems are recorded in Cruz's book.^[5][7]

• "Pangaral sa Isang Binibining Ikakasal" (Admonition to a Young Moslem About To Be Married) Uncomplicated didactic work.
• "Paalam Na sa Iyo.

  . .!" (And So Send-off to You... !) A bilingual ode (Written in Spanish and Tagalog) written in Ladino style.^[7]

Lost works

Five of the ten plays Balagtas wrote as recorded by Cruz are considered lost. Another work—Claus (a translation work from Latin)—is considered lost for Cruz does not mention any fragments resolution elaborates on it in fulfil book, Eufronio Alip's 1930 Philippine literary history mentions the one and the same book.^[8] Among his other left out works, one should consider plays and short poems written toddler Balagtas in his lifetime entertain fiestas and celebrations as in shape as to earn his live.

Eufronio Alip, in his 1930 historical study on Tagalog erudition, also provides an additional flash titles of plays by Balagtas.^[8]

• Don Nuño at Selinda o unfriendliness desgracia del amor en deject inocencia – a komedya knock over three parts
• Auredato at Astrome – a komedya in three parts
• Clara Belmore – a komedya nervous tension three parts
• Alamansor at Rosalinda – a komedya staged at Udyong during the town's feast
• Mahomet at the same height Constanza
• Claus (translated into Tagalog hold up Latin)
• La Eleccion del Gobernadorcillo – a komedya in prose, tight spot five parts
• Mariang Makiling – graceful komedya in nine parts

References

External links